Process of improving the efficiency of refining baths of the textile art, the refining bath, and the process of refining textile material



Fatented ec. 13, 1932 HEINRICH BERTSCH, OF OHEMNITZ, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 H. TH. B6HME A.-G., OI CHEMNITZ, GERMANY, A JOINT STOCK COMPANY OF GERMANY rnocnss or rmnovmc THE EFFICIENCY or REF'INING BATES on THE TEXTILE ,An'r,

THE REFINING BATH, AND THE PROCESS OF REFINING TEXTILE MATERIAL No Drawing. Application filed May 9, 1928, Serial No. 276,514, and in Germany May 11, 1927.

My invention relates to improvements in the eificiency of refining baths used in the textile art, and in the process of refining textile material. More particularly my invention relates to alkaline or acid mercerization, carbonization, oxidizing or reducing bleaching, vat dyeing, etc. t has heretofore been proposed to use, in such processes, wetting or permeating media for improving the efliciency of the active substances. In most processes Turkey red oil, Monopole soap and the like cannot be used, because they are decomposed by the bath. I have discovered that the wetting and permeating roperty of the said bath can be improved by adding, to the bath, such sulfonates of 0118, fats or the corresponding acids which are obtained by sulfonating the initial material (oil, fat, etc.) in the presence of organic or inorganic acid anhydrides or chlorides, concentrated organic acids besides the sulfonating means, or an excess of sulfuric acid used at low temperature.

- the sulfonated products may be produced in the manner described in my prior U. S. Patent No. 1,801,189, granted April 14, 1931. Sulfonates of this kind are in a high degree acid-proof, are not adversely afiected by the presence of calcium and magnesium salts or salting-out substances, and they cause the refiningprocesses to be carried out more smoothly and under circumstances which do not allow the use of the ordinary Turk y red oil, Monopole soap and the like. For lexample, the refining baths can be made with very hard water and even with sea watergwithout spoiling the goods by, the separation of solid fatty acid salts, or by salting-out soaplike substances. Further. the wetting and permeating property of'the bath is increased by the addition of sulfonates of this kind in a higher degree than by the addition of Turkey red oil and thelike, where such .oil can be used at all. In case of carbonization the uniform permeation of the goods by the carbonization acid is improved. and siniultanemisly the substances of the material which are not to be carbonized are protected.

Example J.To a carbonizing bath of sulfuric acid of 4 B. per liter 5 grammes of an For instance,

oil prepared by sulphonating ricinoleic acid with concentrated sulphuric acid in the presence of acetic anhydride are added. The wetting property of the carbonizing bath is considerably improved, and the goods treated in the bath are perfectly and uniformly carbonized even in a fatty state.

Example 2.-To a mercerizing bath of 30 B. per liter 10 grammes of an 'oil made in the manner described above are added. The mercerizing bath thus prepared permits the goods to be put into the same in a di y state and without previous boiling, so that at least one operation is spared. In addition the mercerization is made more effective and a more uniform product is obtained.

It will be understood that the expression fat as used herein is intended to include the fatty materials which may be subjected to sulfonation, such as fats, oils, and fatty acids.

I claim:

1. A process for treating textiles with liq uids containing substances which cause decomposition in solutions of ordinary Turkeyred oil and Monopole soap consisting in adding to said liquids a sulphonate, prepared by sulphonating a fat in the presence of a waterbinding acid substance selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic acid anhydrides and chlorides besides the sulphonating means.

2. A process for treating textiles with liquids containing substances whichcause decomposition in solutions of ordinary Turkeyre-d oil and Monopole soap, consisting in adding to said liquids a sulphonate, prepared by sulphonating a fat in the presence of a waterbinding acid substance selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic acid anhydrides and chlorides besides the sulphonating means at a temperature not exceeding 0 C.

3. A process for mercerizing textiles with caustic soda solution. consisting in adding to said solution a sulphonate prepared by sulphonating ricinoleic acid with concentrated sulphuric acid in the presence of an acid anhydride.

4. A composition of matter consisting of signature.

HEINRICH BERTSCH. 

